Impact of Mobile Phones Essay

Effects Of Using Mobile Phones Too Much In today’s fast-moving and globalised world it is almost impossible to imagine our day-to-day life without mobile-phones. It is one of the most successful inventions of the 20th century, which has become a convenient means of communication. Modern mobile phones perform many other functions as well; they can substitute for such devices as music players, cameras and organizers. Most of them also provide Internet access and texting. According to the U.N. Telecom agency, there were almost 6 billion cell phone users in the world, with almost 86 gadgets for every 100 people. There is nothing strange in this fact, as modern people need phones in all spheres of their lives – professional and personal. But we do not notice how much we depend on cell phones and what effects their excessive use might bring. There are certain harmful health effects, which might be caused by the immoderate use of cell phones. According to modern researches, the most menacing problem is connection be tween cell phones and cancer. Even though the data remains controversial, most scientists agree that there is a certain threat from using cell phones too much. It is reported, that people who talk on the phone for several hours a day are 50% more likely to develop brain cancer. The reason for this is the radio waves produced by mobile phones. It is calculated, that every minute the human brain receives about 220 electromagnetic impulses, which are not necessarily harmful, but which definitely affect the brain in cases of prolonged impact. Recent studies report two types of brain cancer may occur – glioma and acoustic neuroma. Apart from cancer risk, mobile phones influence our nervous system. They may cause headaches, decreased attention, shortness of temper, sleep disorders and depression, mostly among teenagers. Radio waves are not the only reason for such symptoms. It is the sad reality, that nowadays many people, especially youth, experience lack of human contact, and they try to compensate it by mobil e-phone communication, which is not an adequate substitute for personal intercourse. Adolescence is not an easy period of life, and at that time a young person is especially vulnerable. In cases of excessive mobile phone use there is a possibility of becoming addicted to the phone; the real world seems to fade in comparison with hours-long chats and hundreds of messages. These aspects cause psychological problems, as people start to feel uncomfortable in face-to-face communication. There are  also other effects that should be mentioned. There is certain risk for pregnant women and their children, so they are strongly recommended to reduce usage of cell phones. Some studies provide information about harmful effects of cell phones on the male reproductive system, so men should not carry phones in the pockets of their trousers. Most research reports that texting and playing games on mobile phones is also harmful for eyes. Regarding games it also worth mentioning, that sometimes they cause irritability and aggressiveness, especially among children and teenagers. Today’s world is a world of technology and inventions, and there are many tools which essentially facilitate our life. Mobile phones play an important role in the development of human civilization, but their excessive use brings severe problems. To reduce their harmful effects, one shoul d always remember that mobile phone is a friend, not a master, and it should never be used too much.

Contexts of disabilities Essay

Section 1 = Legislation and polices that support the human rights and inclusion of individuals with learning disabilities. 1.1 Identify current legislation and polices used by the care sector that are designed to promote the human rights, inclusion, equal life chances and citizenship of individuals with learning disabilities. Legislations and polices is improve the health and wellbeing of people with a learning disability. This legislation and polices balancing their rights with responsibilities. It basically makes it against the law to discriminate against people due to them having a disability. Legislation and polices is deliberate very clear rules which every care sector have to follow which make SEN people life better than before. Employers may still have reasonable medical criteria for employment. The act defines disability as a substantial and long term adverse effect on person’s ability to carry out daily task. One of the main causes of discrimination is the fear and lack of understanding of others because they are different. In order to prevent discrimination it is important to value people and treat them differently in order to meet their different needs. -Human Rights Act 1998 become law in 2000 gives people rights that there were wished-for to prevent discrimination -Mental Capacity Act2005. Human beings have value and should be treated equally based on the fact that they are human fist. Human worth is not based on either capacity or incapacity. Human rights include the right to life, liberty and security and respect for a private and family life is well. England and Wales have had laws against discrimination since the 1960s. The Race Relations Acts of 1965, 1968 and 1976 outlawed race discrimination, the Equal Pay Act 1970 and the Sex Discrimination Act 1975 outl awed gender discrimination and the Disability Discrimination Act 1995 outlawed disability discrimination. -Care Standard Act 2000 -Disability Discrimination Act 1995-2005 -Equality Act 2010 -National Health service and Community Act 1990 -procedure and policies of any organization -Codes of Practice This is an act of the parliament of the United Kingdom which has now been replaced by the Equality Act 2010. Legislation under the EqA it is unlawful  to discriminate against someone who has a disability. The EqA provides protection against discrimination that happens at work, in the provision of services, public functions and premises, and in education. The EqA also deals with discrimination in associations. It does so by making discrimination unlawful in a number of ways, and by providing legal remedies to individuals who experience discrimination 1.2 Explain how this legislation influences the day to day experiences of individuals with learning disabilities and their families The legislation who promotes people rights gives protection to people with disabilities not to be discriminated against on the grounds of their disabilities. Parents of children with special needs often feel that they are the only ones who can handle their child’s care. This is certainly true to an extent but that doesn’t mean that you can’t get away for a few hours every now and then. By leaving your child with a trusted sitter or family member you are teaching your child to handle change. Your child will develop the resilience and adaptability that every kid deserves to learn, regardless of overall health. Legislation gives SEN people and family Explain how policies influence the day to day experiences of individuals with learning disabilities and their families. Learning disabilities is life time impairment and usual is reducing the ability of the people to live independently. Disable people have the same fundamental rights as any other people. People with learning disabilities should have a support for their needs and this support is given by family and care worker. It is difficult to paint a portrait of what it’s like to manage the day-to-day life of a child with SEN; Getting a job or education, travelling, going for a drink or to the cinema with friends is ordinary activities but for disabled people remain difficult to achie. Our day to day practices and attitude are important in how effective this policies and rights are followed in real life. Is very important to family members and carers who are supporting people with learning disabilities to†¦ but you may feel confused and distressed. But there is help available for people and families from health, education and social services, 2.1- Explain what is meant by ‘Learning disability’ give examples of causes of learning disabilities including before birth, during birth and after birth. Having a learning disability  means that people find it harder to learn certain life skills. The problems experienced vary from person to person. There is no clear and widely accepted definition of â€Å"Learning disability†. It is important to remember that people with learning disabilities are people first. Someone with mild disabilities may be able to live independently with minimal support, whereas someone with severe and profound disabilities may require 24 hour care, and help with performing most daily living skills. The World Health Organisation defines learning disabilities as â€Å"a state of arrested or incomplete development of mind.† This means that somebody with a learning disability will have difficulties understanding, learning and remembering, and these difficulties will have an effect on their ability to interact socially, to communicate with others, to learn new things, and sometimes to undertake physical tasks.[Department of Health 2001] Learning disabilities are caused by something that affects the way the brain develops. This may occur when brain is still developing-before birth (prenatally), during birth, or in early childhood. †¢ There are around 1.5 million people in the UK with learning disabilities. These impairments are present when a baby is born or acquired shortly afterwards. These are some examples. Before birth things can happen to the central nervous system (the brain and spinal cord) that can cause a learning disability. A child can be born with a learning disability if the mother has an accident or illness while she is pregnant, or if the unborn baby develops certain genes Some examples of birth defects that affect the nervous system include Autism, Down syndrome, Prader-Willi syndrome, and Fragile X syndrome. Autism-Some people with autism are able to live relatively independent lives but others may have accompanying learning disabilities and need a lifetime of specialist support. People with autism may also experience over- or under-sensitivity to sounds, touch, tastes, smells, light or colours. Asperger syndrome is a form of autism. People with Asperger syndrome are often of average or above average intelligence. They have fewer problems with speech but may still have difficulties with understanding and processing language. During birth- A person can be born with a learning disability if he or she  does not get enough oxygen during childbirth, or is born too early. Anoxia is a condition in which the brain of the baby does not receive enough oxygen to allow it to develop properly. Anoxia can cause certain forms of epilepsy, mental deficiency, cerebral palsy, and behaviour disorders. If the amount of brain damage is not too severe, however, it may be possible to compensate for the disorder to some extent. Epilepsy can often be controlled with drugs, for instance, and many children with cerebral palsy can learn to control their affected muscles. After birth- After birth a learning disability can be caused by early childhood illnesses. Some childhood infections can affect the brain, causing learning disability; the most common of these are encephalitis and meningitis. Social and environmental factors, such as poor housing conditions, poor diet and health care, malnutrition, lack of stimulation and all forms of child abuse may lead to learning disability. Severe head injury, for example from a road accident, may result in learning disability 2.2- State the approximate proportion of individuals with a learning disability for whom the cause is â€Å"not known†. 2.3- Describe the possible impact on a family of having a member with a learning disability. Coping with a child’s learning disability is stressful for any paren. How will family members take the news? Some time parents will accept the problem and offer support right away. But some parent avoiding talking about child’s LD because they feeling ashamed or hiding something, embarrassed, or guilty. Being in the family of a child with LD is difficult and challenging in every step of your life. These can be a involving practical and emotional issues. There are medical and educational decisions, financial pressures, and time constraints — all likely to represent additional responsibilities for parents. And all typical emotions naturally concern, frustration, anger, self-recrimination and blame — also contribute to the pressures normally upsetting to the family stability and divisive to a marriage. Also Parents have to balance the demands of all their children, not just those with special needs. eg.. Siblings often feel jealous of all the extra attention a child with LD needs, such as extra help on homework,  tutoring, time spent , and may be they quickly to say anger or make comments that can hurt. 1-Know the difference between the medical and social models of disability. 1.1/1.2Over the past few years there are number of ‘models’ of disability which have been clear. The two most commonly mentioned are the ‘social’ and the ‘medical’ models of disability. Medical Model-Medical model of disability views disability as a ‘problem’ or â€Å"the victim† belongs to the disabled person. Sometime they think is a ‘personal tragedy’. They think it is not a concern anyone other than the individual affected. Medical model belief that disable person should make extra effort to ensure that they can do it by them self and not inconvenience anyone else rather then they self. Medical model is professional dominance and there are well qualified, experience and professional people.This model more focuses on the need of persons physical, sensory or mental functioning, and use a clinical way support an individual’s disabi lity. Medical model focus is on what person cannot do, rather then what they do. Social Model-Social model is more inclusive. They think disability is a social problem and self help groups and systems benefits disable people enormously. Social model think disable people have individual identity and they should receive all rights and responsibility. They think they should make their own choices. They try and make possible for how SEN people can participate in activity on same level with non-disabled people. Social model make some certain adjustment for disabled people so they can enjoy the event and not excluded from. For that some time you have to spend some money and time is well. The principal of the social model is that this should be respected every people whether they disable or not. 1.3-Outline how each of the models has developed and evolved over time. Living with disability that is one of the difficulties we can’t even imagine what they going through? People judge differently, Disabled person was also hidden away from the society by family members. There was institution run by government and DR would recommended to parents placed the child and forget about their by family. they often forgotten about theme. E.g.. Is there children are safe? Is their needs are meet? How and what condition they are  live? In this institution there were many that traded poorly, abused, neglected and murdered either by family members or at the hands of institution workers. Sometime there were not enough people to take care of them and so they tied baby to their beds even abused physically is well. A lot of them were died at young ages due to severe neglects and abused. People commonly used â€Å"Moron, stupid, idiot, freaks† labels for special needs person.. Most of these pleases are finally closed down in 80’s, 90’s. Now we use group homes and residential treatment programs for today’s society. Family also takes care of their disabled children and adults children and grandparents. We have more understanding and empathy now and authorities are more answerable is well. Also people more educated and get more knowledge about disabled people. This changed people view. Not only society but medical model was very limited for disable person. People have not up to date qualification to help disable people. There was very pity and negative attitude in hospital is well. In hospital Dr and nurse avoid to treat the disabled person. There have no feeling for them and seeing as They feel the society does not accept them; therefore they have low self-esteem and la ck confidence in themselves. This causes them to back down when they face problems. Children and young people with disabilities face discrimination, this means they are sectioned out, compared to the normal people of the society and they have fewer choices. For example; some children/young People are physically disabled which enable them to do such activities and they do not always receive the support they need, due to lack of medical help. Children with disabilities have fewer opportunities compared to other children in society because they cannot always do the things other children can do. Disabled people are still struggling for the right to use public transport, have access to building, go to school or college with their friends and siblings or to get a job this has a negative impact on the disabled children because they lose confidence and they are unable to do the activity the other child is able to do. Lack of confidence will also affect the child in the future. Time is change now because Disability Discrimination Activity (1995) has helped but people with disabilities still often feel that the dominant culture sees then as different from everyone else. Some parts of society  shows positive attitudes towards disabled children to show that they support them. They try and give an impact that they believe everyone is equal and have the same human rights. Nowadays the government show a positive attitude towards disabled children/ young people and their families by proving help and support legally because of the ‘Disability Act 1995 and 2005’ and ‘Every Child Matters 2003’ These acts give more human rights to disabled children. For example, in schools disabled children are given the right to be educated with normal kids and they are given all the support and encouragement, such as teachers would use sign language to help communicate with the child if needed. Also teachers teach all students sign language so that they are able to communicate with the special need child. This is helpful for the special need child because they feel more comfortable in their environment and equally treated. 1.4- Give examples of where each model of disability may be used in service delivery. Example of medical model: Disable student unable to go to the building because in entrance they have steps. The medical model would recommend and blamed the wheelchair that this is because of the wheelchair, rather than the steps. A teacher who refuses to make a hand-out in a larger font for a visually impaired student. for that reason The student cannot participate in the class discussion; A member of staff who refuses to make available a copy of a PowerPoint presentation before a lecture. This creates a barrier to learning for the dyslexic students in the group who are likely to have a slower processing and writing speed and who will struggle to understand and record the key points; Example of Social model: Disable person wants to go in to the building but is it not possible because in building have a step in entrance. Under the social model there is solution, they put ramp or the stars lift in to the entrance so that wheelchair user is immediately and easy to go in to the building and participate the event. A teenager wants to live independently in their own home but he can’t afford to pay the rent. Under the social model, they find supper {claim benefits} for the teenager so he can pay rent and live in their own home. A child with visual impairment to read the latest novel, so he can join the cultural activates with everyone else. A solution for social model is that they makes full-text audio recordings available when book is fist published so child can involved in activity and not exclude. 2.1 Identify how the principles of each model are reflected in service delivery. The principal of each model are reflected in service delivery by meeting the additional needs of the disabled person. E.g. A child who is deaf needs support from medical model and specialised equipment from social model, A child who is wheelchair bound needs a support worker for the medical model and involvement in all activites for the social model. The medical model of disability impacts on the inclusion by needing the rights equipment. The social model of disability impact on the inclusion by needing a supports worker. The medical model of disability impacts on the rights by being able to do activities that able child can do. The social model of disability impacts on the rights by having the freedom of choices. The medical model self-government having and provide special materials, help and support and the right medication. The social model finds individuals needs by having one to one time every so often and having the correct facilities. 2.2 Explain how each of the models of disability impacts on the: Inclusion: The Early Years Foundation Stage [EYFS] and the National Curriculum give clear guidance’s on an inclusive approach to learning and assessment. The EYFS provides a statement on the duty of settings to meet the needs of all children in relation. We must respect people as they are and not discrimination due to any of team and condition and treat them all same. All children should get the same attention and service. E.g. all children should get the same food menu, and play together regarding of sex, race and disability. Inclusion also involves eliminating discrimination and promoting equality. Throughout its work, the Council is committed to being inclusive – valuing and reflecting the full diversity of the community it serves. It will believe and communicate that: We should focus on individuality Treat children with equal concern, not all the same Avoid stereotyping Provide positive images When we start remove this barriers and make sure that all children and family can be feel include and part of it. Working towards inclusion involved We need to respond in such a way that barriers to participation, learning and achievement are removed, inclusion and equality are promoted and a high quality education for all is developed and sustained. An inclusive approach reflects a move away from a deficit model which focuses on aspects of the learner as the problem, where the learner is viewed as deficient in some way. A deficit model also pays inadequate attention to factors such as social expectations, or aspects of the education system or learning environment that could be changed to enable diverse learners to participate and learn. Also, categorising an individual or a group by a single or a few characteristics may be misleading and doesn’t recognise the whole person. Developing inclusion will involve learners, professionals, partners, parents, carers and the wider community. Rights: Inclusion also involves eliminating discrimination and promoting equality. Diversity of It will believe and communicate that: Everyone have to right to be included Everyone has the right to be treated fairly Everyone has the right equality of access We must respect people as they are and not discrimination due to any of team and condition and treat them all same. All children should get the same attention and service. E.g. all children should get the same food menu, and play together regarding of sex, race and disability. Autonomy: Needs of individuals: 2.3-Explain how own practice promotes the principal of inclusion: Disability Discrimination Act 1995 Protects the rights of all those with disabilities. It also places a duty on schools (and other organisations) to eliminate barriers to ensure that  individuals can gain equal access to services Disability Discrimination Act 2005 Places a duty for schools to produce a Disability Equality Scheme (DES) and an Access Plan. Schools must encourage participation in all aspects of school life and eliminate harassment and unlawful discrimination Special Educational Needs and Disability Act 2001 Makes it unlawful for educational providers to discriminate against pupils with a special educational need or a disability Race Relations (Amendment) Act 2000Outlines the duty of organisations to promote good relationships between people from different races. Human Rights Act 1998 Sets out rights of all individuals and allows them to take action against authorities when their rights have been affected Children Act 1989 Sets out the duty of local authorities (including schools) to provide services according to the needs of children and to ensure their safety and welfare Children Act 2004 Sets out the duty to provide effective and accessible services for all children and underpins the five Every Child Matters outcomes Education Act 1996 Sets out the school’s responsibilities towards children with special educational needs. The Act also requires schools to provide additional resources, equipment and / or additional support to meet their needs Equality Act 2010 Sets out the legal responsibilities of public bodies, including schools, to provide equality of opportunity for all citizens. This brings together nine equality laws.

Addiction in our brain

Addiction in our brain Over time, the brain adapts in a way that actually makes the activity less enjoyable. Addictions do not only include bodily things we consume, such as drugs or alcohol, but may include virtually anything. The main addictions tend to be alcohol and heroin, and psychological dependence to activities such as gambling, sex, work, running, shopping, or an eating disorder. Signs of drug addiction include changes in personality and behaviour like a lack of enthusiasm, touchiness, bloodshot eyes and frequent bloody noses, or slurred speech. Addiction is well-defined as a chronic relapsing brain disease that is characterized by compulsive drug seeking and use, despite harmful consequences. It is measured a brain disease because drugs change the brain they change its structure and how it works. Though everyone’s path to addiction is different whether he or she tries a drug or behaviour because it’s what that person’s parents or peer do, or just out of curiosity what’s common across all substance and behavioural addictions is their stunning ability to increase levels of an important chemical in the brain called dopamine. If you have a blood relative, such as a parent or sibling, with alcohol or drug problems, you’re at greater risk of emerging into a drug addict. Men are more likely to have problems with drugs than women are. However, progression of addictive illnesses is known to be faster in females. Drug use is on the rise in the USA and 23.5 million Americans are addicted to alcohol a nd drugs. That’s approximately one in every 10 Americans over the age of 12 roughly equal to the entire population of Texas. But only 11 per cent of those with an addiction receive conduct. The National Institute on Drug Abuse states that between 40 and 60 per cent of recuperating drug addicts will eventually relapse. With heroin, those rates are even higher. Some experts place the rate of relapse for heroin addicts as high as 80 present, which means that the recovery rate may be as low as 20 per cent. Most people overcome addiction to alcohol or drugs on their own, without joining a support group or entering treatment. Alcoholism and other habits are not diseases. There are specific tools anyone can use to help themselves to overcome any addiction with or without professional assistance. The old belief that it took 21 days to change a habit has now been labelled a myth. According to psychologists, while it may take approximately 21 days of mindful and consistent effort to create a new habit, it takes far longer to break an existing habit. In conclusion to this I think that depending on what you do and your daily routine you can become addicted to anything, Some people face completely different addictions to others but the most common one seems to be drug addictions.

Writing activities Article Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 1

Writing activities - Article Example Another important aspect which has been under consideration is that the quality of social media friendships differs from that of offline friendships. Off-line friendships and social media friendships both have their own charm and each type has its own uniqueness and special characteristics. Offline friendships have known to exist since forever. When a young child starts his education from the level of kindergarten, the first friend that he makes is through this type of friendship. This companionship is special and interaction begins mainly through face to face conversations. Offline friendships are cherished and people in this type of friendship share a bond which is mainly created by the physical presence of each other. These friendships are effective and emotions and expressions are far more easily expressed. This is because these friendships commence mainly through physical meetings and the two friends have actually seen each other. Friends at school, in the neighbourhood and in family are known better and tend to be generally closer. The special thing about off-line friendships is the warmth and care that friends can provide to each other through physical presence in difficult situations in one’s life. On the other hand, social media friendships which have gained substantial fame nowadays have their own appeal. These friendships have become popular amongst all age groups and provide a means for people to communicate even when they are far away. With the current busy lives of all individuals, people have lesser time of meeting their friends. Computers and the internet have come to the rescue and have provided with this form of friendship. The distinctive characteristic of social media friendships is that people tend to be connected to each other and physical presence is not a necessity. A person can interact with people and make friends even

International Law and Human Rights Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

International Law and Human Rights - Essay Example ive sense of cultural relativism, ethnocentrism, or nationalism – is one of those which distinguish the United States’ from the international human rights perspective. (346) Indeed, history has proved that the American Congress and its deliberations are characterized by a consistent concern to protect the sanctity of the US political institutions in a diverse world and a perspective suspicious and disdainful of things foreign. This American relativist attitude according to Patrick and Forman obstructs the United Nations’ human rights objective, which is to promote universal respect for human rights and fundamental freedom for all without distinction as to race, sex, language or religion.1 And so it is understandable to assume that the areas of jurisdiction as well as the enforcement of the World Court’s mandates regarding disputes, such as in human rights, are problematic areas of concern when nations refuse to accede or at least comply with international requirements. The United States in 1986 withdrew from compulsory jurisdiction of the International Court of Justice, which meant that it accepts the court’s jurisdiction only on case-to-case basis. 2 But however the case is, one cannot deny the role that World Court, the International Criminal Court and War Crimes Tribunals assume in the peaceful and orderly coexistence among the community of nations. They serve as an affirmation of the legality of the world bodies, particularly of the United Nations. As with the other governmental institutions, the judicial branch is central to the efficiency and legitimacy of a government. According to M. Henri Spaark, who was the first President of the United Nations General Assembly, peace will not be achieved if there would be no absolute respect for international jurisdictions and its judgments.3 (Raic1997, 4) The World Court and the International Criminal Court under the wing of the United Nations have already proven their relevance as with the indictment of

Current Macroeconomic Situation in the U.S Research Paper

Current Macroeconomic Situation in the U.S - Research Paper Example This paper is one of the best examples of the thorough analysis of the macroeconomic situation and the most pressing economic issues in the US. The 2007/08 economic downturn culminated in major socioeconomic problems all over the world. The United States was affected in a similar way like other countries globally. The economic recession of 2007/08 culminated in a number of macroeconomic problems. The United States was grappling with issues of increased inflation and unemployment. The two stood at approximately 4% and 10% respectively. The increased administration cost has been blamed for the challenge. The ministry of defense has for instance been said to spend billions of dollars annually putting more pressure on the economy.. The country is still grappling with issues of increased mortgage loans which have denied citizens an opportunity to own houses. However, the gross domestic product (GDP) has remained fairly stable despite changes in the economy. Two main monetary policies will be used to address the issues of unemployment and inflation. The expansionary and contractionary monetary policies are used in the mitigation of unemployment and inflation respectively. Apart from monetary policies, fiscal policies may be used as well. This mostly refers to the government’s revenue collection and spending which latter affect the economy. For instance, increased inflation would force the government to apply the contractionary fiscal policies. Under this, the spending of the government would be under check

Criminal Conspiracy Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Criminal Conspiracy - Essay Example & Scheb, (2011), the main aim for the reformation of this system was that it was to temporarily curb the pending review and reform the law relating to fraud, offensiveness and indecency as well as shaping the view of society as a whole. The law has now been reformed by the Fraud Acts in which the government waits to see how the law operates so as to come up with relative changes or abolish common law conspiracy to defraud. International trade has also seen various cases of fraud and the United Stated has moved in to combat such as well as get rid of some of the practices such as washing dirty money that comes with many conspiracy cases. Major problems were experienced in the early years after Acts over how the preserved common law conspiracy to defraud dovetailed with the new statutory conspiracy to commit a crime as frequently, an agreement to defraud will necessarily involve an agreement to commit a substantive offence entailing dishonesty such as theft or the new offence of fraud under the Fraud Act. A typical example would be when A and B agree a scheme to dupe people into investing money in a non-existent company intending to disappear with the money subscribed. To do this would be to certainly agree to defraud the investors, but it will also be an agreement to commit the crime of fraud by false representation in benefit of an individual, (Levy, Karst & Winkler, 2000). According to the Missouri revised statutes, a person is guilty of conspiracy with another person to commit an offense it he agrees with another person that one of them or both engage in a conduct that constitutes conspiracy. Conspiring also with a third party knowingly will also make the other two parties guilty of conspiracy whether the identities are known or not. Further conspiracy may be committed by a person conspiring to commit a number of offences that have the same results as conspiracy on the other hand no one shall be convicted if he prevented the accomplishment of the objectives of

Social and personal adjustment Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Social and personal adjustment - Essay Example The important aspects of the adjustment process are the existence of a motive, circumstances leading to its frustration, resulting in varied responses. This may eventually lead to the discovery of a solution. It is an accepted part of our cultural pattern for individuals to be frustrated; therefore, adjustments that result in achievement are necessary (Macionis, 2007). In the understanding of social and personal adjustments, four units are included in our discussion; Successful Living, True success is the one that helps both yourself and others around you. This demands an individual to consider the social effects of his or her action. No one succeeds by himself therefore; success compels a person to not only study himself, but also other people, adjusting and re adjusting himself to them from time to time (Uhl & Powers, 1938). If you plan your actions to help other people as well as yourself succeed, then you are socially and personally adjusted. Social Life in the Modern World, our everyday life provides us with countless cases of the need for discovering why people have acted as they have. What is the motive in actions people undertake? Such motives may include; lack of satisfaction, circumstances that force people to act, talents that lead to self-expression and, money that makes people work (Uhl & Powers, 1938). Azmitia writes that there several types of Personal Adjustment which include: Learning as personal adjustment, an effective learner saves himself much time, effort and money and gains great advantage in the cease-less struggle of modern times. Efficient reading as personal adjustment, from the printed pages we get many ideas of both the past and the present. Study as personal adjustment, study is important since it helps us think our problems through for ourselves before we can use the answers we have fully (2008). Personal adjustment to people and situations, this involves seeking whatever we think may give us

Adolescence as Depicted in Clueless Case Study Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Adolescence as Depicted in Clueless - Case Study Example Puberty denotes two main types of physical development which mark the transition towards young adulthood. The first physical development involves a dramatic increase in weight and height, muscle content, and body fat. The second physical development involves a change in reproductive organs and the presence of secondary sexual characteristics such as body and facial hair, and growth of breast. Cher Horowitz manifests medium-sized breast and wide hips, which are proportional to her slender physique. Her facial features also present adult proportions as she exhibits enlarge lips, prominent jaw, and protruding forehead. Kyle (2007) stresses that it illustrates physical changes experience by adolescents aged 14 to 16 years. Kyle further reiterated that female adolescents aged 14 to 16 years-old reached peak weight and heights manifest an increase in muscle mass, hip breadth, chest, and shoulder. Cher Horowitz exhibits on-time physical developments.  Puberty denotes two main types of phy sical development which mark the transition towards young adulthood. The first physical development involves the dramatic increase in weight and height, muscle content, and body fat. The second physical development involves a change in reproductive organs and the presence of secondary sexual characteristics such as body and facial hair, and growth of breast. Cher Horowitz manifests medium-sized breast and wide hips, which are proportional to her slender physique. Her facial features also present adult proportions as she exhibits enlarge lips, prominent jaw, and protruding forehead. Kyle (2007) stresses that it illustrates physical changes experience by adolescents aged 14 to 16 years. Kyle further reiterated that female adolescents aged 14 to 16 years-old reached peak weight and heights manifest an increase in muscle mass, hip breadth, chest, and shoulder. Cher Horowitz exhibits on-time physical developments.   Adolescents continue to develop their fine and gross motor skills. The former pertains to movements that require dexterity and precision, while the latter refers to movements of major parts of the body or the whole body. Cher Horowitz’s abilities to dance and drive the manifest increase in gross motor skills. Meanwhile, her ability to use the cellular phone, write legibly and manipulate objects represents an improvement of fine motor skills. Cher Horowitz can be classified into the preoperational stage of Piaget’s cognitive developmental theory. Maturation serves as a driving force for the individual’s development. The preoperational stage involves the application of logical principles acquired in the concrete operational stage into abstract and hypothetical situations. Cher sought to lead a meaningful life throughout the film. She chose to concentrate on doing good deeds instead of focusing merely on her popularity. The last part of the film exhibited how she volunteered in the relief efforts of the school to live a meaningful li fe.  

Wine and Probable Cost Driver Essay Example for Free

Wine and Probable Cost Driver Essay Peter Catalanos Verde Vineyards in Oakville, California produces three varieties of wine: Merlot, Viognier, and Pinot Noir. His winemaster, Kyle Ward, has identified the following activities as cost pools for accumulating overhead and assigning it to products. For each of Verdes fifteen activity cost pools, identify a probable cost driver that might be used to assign overhead costs to its three wine varieties. 1. | Culling and replanting. Dead or overcrowded vines are culled, and new vines are planted or relocated. (Separate vineyards by variety. ) | Labor hour| 2. | Tying. The posts and wires are reset, and vines are tied to the wires for the dormant season. | Labor hour| 3. | Trimming. At the end of the harvest the vines are cut and trimmed back in preparation for the next season. | Labor hour| 4. | Spraying. The vines are sprayed with chemicals for protection against insects and fungi. | Gallons of chemical| 5. | Harvesting. The grapes are hand-picked, placed in carts, and transported to the crushers. | Number of cartfuls or labor hours| 6. | Stemming and crushing. Cartfuls of bunches of grapes of each variety are separately loaded into machines which remove stems and gently crush the grapes. Number of cartfuls| 7. | Pressing and filtering. The crushed grapes are transferred to presses which mechanically remove the juices and filter out bulk and impurities. | Gallons of juice| 8. | Fermentation. The grape juice, by variety, is fermented in either stainless-steel tanks or oak barrels. | Gallons of juice| 9. | Aging. The wines are aged in either stainless-steel tanks or oak barrels for one to three years depending on variety. | Gallons of wine or months of aging| 10. | Bottling and corking. Bottles are machine-filled and corked. | Number of bottles| 11. | Labeling and boxing. Each bottle is labeled, as is each nine-bottle case, with the name of the vintner, vintage, and variety. | #. Of bottles| 12. | Storing. Packaged and boxed bottles are stored awaiting shipment. | # of boxes| 13. | Shipping. The wine is shipped to distributors and private retailers. | # of shipments| 14. | Heating and air-conditioning of plant and offices. | Number of gallons processed| 15. | Maintenance of buildings and equipment. Printing, repairs, replacements, and general maintenance are performed in the off-season. | # of gallons processed.

History Of Luxury Goods Industry Marketing Essay

History Of Luxury Goods Industry Marketing Essay In late 1996, after collaboration ended between BBL (Bharat Bijlee Ltd), a Mumbai (India) based elevator Business Company and Schindler, a Swiss-based elevator and escalator manufacturer. Schildler started planning to operate and expand the business fully own subsidiary. In 1874, Robert Schindler established the company in Switzerland. The company starts manufacturing the escalators in 1989 and by 1998 the company had worldwide presence and revenues of 6.6 billion Swiss Francs. The company employed over 38,000 in 97 subsidiaries and looking to start own operation in India. Alferd N. Schindler, Chairman of the company felt that India had a large emerging market and the company had great growth potential. He himself spent several weeks in India and travel in different cities to understand the market and potential. India is not relatively a new market for Schindler; in 1925, first elevator was installed in India. In late 1950s Schindler appointed local distributer to increase the market presence and agreement done with ECE, an Indian Company which was later ended in 1958. In 1985 Schindler entered into a technical collaboration with Mumbai-based Bharat Bijlee ltd (BBL) to manufacture and sell its elevator. Silvia Napoli, a Harvard MBA graduate; joined Schindler in Sept 1994 as head of corporate planning in companys headquarters in Ebikon, Switzerland. Napoli had been appointed vice-president of South-Asia and Head of the India INTRODUCTION The luxury goods industry is well established in Italy around the region in Europe. Most of the family- controlled luxury good brands and few of the company still run by 5th generations. The customer segment are high end-rich customers basically middle aged but the trend was changed and the companies also targeted youths. The profit margin of the luxury goods is very high i.e. up to 70% so there is large amount of revenue spent on marketing and publicity. Luxury goods are a matter and current fashion trend and maintaining of high status in the society. Middle income groups customers have a dream to buy the luxury goods one day in future and join the elite club. HISTORY OF LUXURY GOODS INDUSTRY In 1837, Thierry Hermes founded a company manufacturing especially luxury leather goods. Later 1923, Gucci established in Italy and there are many more companies established in between and after in Italy and around the Europe. 150 years of luxury goods manufacturing history roots in Europe. ANALYSIS (BASES ON PORTERS FIVE FORCE OF COMPETATIVE POSITION) MARKET ENTRANTS: About 75% luxury goods are manufactured in Europe and there is a huge demand of these products in Europe and overseas especially in North America, Japan and other Asian countries. The global market for luxury brands in 2001 is around $70 billion. LVMH commands the largest market share of 15% compared with 6% of the next largest group. Geographic distribution of global wealth, the market is divided into 3 geographical areas such as Europe, North America, Japan and other Asian countries: approximately 40% of sales are made in Europe, 28% in North America and 24% in Asia, with the remaining 8% scattered amongst the remaining regions. YSL Couture generates 60% of its revenue in Asia, as does 35% of Hermes, 40% of Christian Lacroix sales, more than 50% of Leica sales. Overall luxury goods market segment: Sl No. Luxury Goods category Percentage Fragrance and cosmetics 24- 37% Ready-to-wear and fashion 14-30% Leather and shoes 13-16% Watches and jewelry 08-32% Wines and spirits 15-22% Others 05-09% COMPETATIVE RIVALRY: The fashion luxury goods companies are basically located in Italy or in Europe. So their cultural background is same and almost all brands are family-oriented luxury goods business. Few companies are acquired by public, and Gucci was one of them. There are advantages and disadvantages for both family farm as compared with public company and vice versa. The basic competition is not the price war its about product design and brand image. Guccis creative director Tom Ford is an advantage edge for the company who give a new direction to the company i.e. fashion-oriented approach, which makes Gucci truly a luxurious brand. In 1998, sales by product figure (please see case notes exhibits 2) gave an idea that Gucci was 3rd position of leather goods sales, 4th in Jewelry and watches and 5th in apparel. It gives a negative picture to the stakeholders that Gucci is not become a leading luxury brand in any specialized category of goods. However, at the beginning Gucci specialized for leather goods. The positive point is that Gucci doesnt need to depend on a specific category of good which was a good sign. The company balanced overall sells figure and not dependent on a specific category of goods. In 1998 sales by region (please see exhibit 1), Gucci was doing overall good business and balanced the sales figure almost same in North America, Europe and Asia. Whereas the other brands such as LVMH and Bulgari is close to Guccis sales distribution. It was a good indication for Gucci that during regional economic downturn the company compensates overall sells in another region. Recent days natural disasters and terrorists threats increases, which affects the regional economy ant time e.g. 9/11 attack in U.S., 26/11 in India, Gulf war, war against Taliban, volcano eruption in Iceland tsunami in east Asian countries etc. PRODUCT AND TECHNOLOGY DEVELOPMENT: There are no real substitutes for the luxury goods buyers. Cost is not a big factor for luxury goods, customers look for elegant design. Customers might not be so found of particular designer unless the designer famous likes Tom Ford who associated to Gucci. Technology plays a big role to shape the products and increase volume of the production. With use of the latest technology the quality of the product will be high standard and production will be faster so that easy to balance the production and demand. Gucci understand this important step of the business so De Sole helps the supplier to provide latest technology and financial support for up gradation of the equipment for e.g. If Gucci uses the latest technology to cut the leather and results cutting will be better, faster and wastage of materials will be less. High quality leather is very costly so lot of savings for Gucci and ultimately production is cost less and high profit margin. SUPPLIERS Suppliers are backbone of a company and without cooperation of suppliers a company will be paralyzed any time. So the relation between the supplier and the company should be close and good for future success of the company. Specially, when companies outsource the goods. Guccis success is because of the quality craftsmanship and which all-time low in 1993 because unable to pay. De Sole visited every individual suppliers and selected best of them and cut the rest and pushes them hard to reach the parameter of Guccis expectation. Suppliers have clear vision after discussion with De Sole that what they have to continue the relationship with Gucci. The relation was better and transparent, which help to improve the brand image though quality products and on time delivery. CUSTOMERS There are two types of customers: The super-rich The middle-market customers The super-rich customers (or high net worth Individuals) seem not subject to the world economic cycles. In addition, they are a growing number. The middle-market customers are those that are willing to buy luxury goods, but they want the hottest, trendiest design, which increasingly have to be marketed in creative and expensive ways. They can potentially expand the market quite dramatically, as they are part of the upper-middle class. They are considered to be both a great opportunity. Gucci understand this and changed their strategies from classic image to fashion-oriented approach where they can attract large middle-market pool of customers. While the price is less and no of customers is more. Hence, the cash flow is more; the sales figure in 1994 (please see exhibit 1) total revenue was $263.6 million and in 2001 the sales figure reached to $2,285.0 million. GICCIS POSITIONES AND DE SOLES CRITICAL MOVES Gucci was a family controlled business and from the beginning has experienced many changes since it founded in Florence in 1923. In 1950s Guccis first opened outside Europe DOS store in New York. Very fast the products attract the famous celebrities around the world. As celebrities are using the luxury goods Gucci gets publicity through the media and Gucci become a luxury global brand. The brand expands their stores in 1970s UK, Japan, Hong Kong and other Asian countries. In the 1980s after Rodolfo Gucci died, the family-run company faces new challenges internally from their own family members. In 1989, InvestCorp Int. acquires a 50% share in Gucci and forms a 50-50 joint venture with Maurizio Gucci. Later in 1993 the Gucci family sold rest of the share to InvestCorp Int. and InvestCorp Int. gains full ownership of the company. After acquired by InvestCop Int. Gucci become a public company and listed on various stock exchanges respectively. In early 1990s, the entire luxury goods industry was going through downturn because of gulf war, the US recession and reduced no of tourists around the world because lots of economic uncertainty and anti US sentiment after the Gulf war. In 1994-1995, the first professional managers team took charge of Gucci group by Domenico De Sole as a CEO of the company and Tom Ford, creative director of the company. De Sole was appointed by Maurinzio Gucci as a legal adviser, president and managing director of the company of Gucci America. He was associated with the company for few years and he has cultural and geographical knowledge of Europe as he is native of Rome and he completed his higher study in US. When De Sole took over charge as a CEO in 1995 the company had $500 million net revenue and in 2001, the total revenue of the company is $2,285 million (please see exhibit 1). The operating cost was high $121.1 million and the figure changed to $355.1. The growth of total revenue and the operating cost gives a clear picture that there are lots of initiative had been taken to improve the image and expansion of the brand. Mr. De Sole had been taken various critical majors to repositioned Gucci and he did some fundamental moves or withdrew some family plans and transformed the family-based mono brand to a multi brand. He restructured the organization results he took decision and fired few old employees and appointed new managers who have deep retail experiences. Its a great move to regenerate new energy and strength to the pool of employee, which helped to redistribute the work force. It also helped to translate the companys goal (corporate level) to execute the job in the business and functional level. It gave more power to the individual stores to take decisions for day to day task without wasting time to get approval from corporate or business level. The decision of distribution control and whole sale distribution moved to in-house. It helped the company to improve distribution channel whereas earlier the distribution was disorganized and delay in delver the goods. It also helped to deliver on time and centralized inventory system to monitor the stocks of goods and supply. Stopped licensing to the new products helped to improve quality and to improve the brand image. Gucci also looses the luxury brand image and decided to outsource limited to Italy based suppliers and reduced the no of suppliers drastically. De Sole selected few trusted suppliers and helped them financially and technology to improve the overall quality of the products. Uses of latest technology helped to improve quality of goods, and cost effective as well volume increased. Only 5% premium range of products manufactured in-house to maintain high quality standard and brand image. A very crucial decision had been taken to move from classic image to fashion-oriented approach. Basically Guccis customers are 30-50 years womens. With globalization and competitive market Gucci need to rethink the position to be competitive in the market. The companys new strategy was fashion-oriented approach to attract both sex average age of 25 years customer segment. So the decision was taken to spend more to attract youth customers so an average of 10% spent on the advertising. The companys new strategy fashion-oriented, which increased customers expectation and they expected new fashion goods in every seasons result the company had to invested more to designing and production. It was also decided that Gucci group products should be primary shells through direct operated stores (DOS) (please see exhibit 2). It is very important for a brand that when a customer buys a luxury product the customer must get an essence of luxury treat, good presentation and high class service which is not possible to maintain for franchises shops and merchandising dealers. DOS also contribute and anticipate the brand image and brand publicity. Right strategies planned in the corporate level lead by De Sole and well supported by his executive group and all together their effort to transform Gucci from a moribund brand into a billion-dollar company (please see exhibit 2). In 1998, the Gucci group become a one billion-dollar company; Maurizios dream comes true. DE SOLES STRETIGIC MOVE TO BUY YSL AND SR The family oriented single-brand firms were facing challenges due to close competition with the luxury multi-brands companies. To overcome the challenges in 1998-1999 there were a sharp rate of increase in mergers and acquisitions. LVMHs portfolio continuously increased and in 1999 company spends around $2.9 billion on acquisition on the leading brands. Later Prada and LVHM formed a joint venture that beat out Gucci too acquire 51% of Fendi for close to $600 million. In 1999, LVMH spend $1.4 billion to become Guccis largest shareholder and LVMH want to buy Gucci. Also LVMH want to appoint a director to Guccis board so that LVHM come to know Guccis strategic moves; Gucci emerged competitor for LVHM. Later PPR bought 40% of Gucci for $2.9 billion, diluting LVMHs holding to 19.6%. In Nov 1999, Gucci acquired Sanofi Beaute consisting of two sister companies: Yves Saint Laurent Coutre, which produced YSL ready-to-wear and accessories and YSL Beaute, which produced cosmetic goods. Gucci also acquire 70% share of Sergio Rossi paid of $96 million, which makes high-fashion shoes. This acquisition transforms Gucci into a multi-brand luxury group with nearly $3billion in cash. This acquisition continues challenge for Gucci to handle YSL and SR as a different brand because both brands have their own identity and a segment of customers e.g. Guccis ready-to-wear is totally diffident from YSL ready-to-wear. Guccis also dont want to loose YSLs customer to make a single brand. Both brands have their own DOS in Europe, US and Asia. Even it is easy for Gucci to operate YSL and SR without changing the management team, only need YSLs SRs CEO need to report to De Sole and Tom Ford appointed creative director of YSL. The sales figure after acquisition of YSL and SR in (please see exhibit-1) in 2000-2001 around 30% revenue contributed by these brands and Guccis performance also improved individually. The decision of acquisition of YSL and SR was taken very quickly just to follow LVSR. However, Gucci itself goes through transition phase. Any decision, which makes profit of the company consider to be a good decision for the company. GUCCIS STRATEGY TO GOING FORWARD There are lot of scope to improve or to make new strategies for Guccis expansion and improve the brand image are as such: To expand the stores in other Asian countries such as China and India, these two countries are emerging new economic power of the world. There is a big group of wealthy customers who have capacity to expend to buy luxury goods and they travel to Dubai and Singapore just for shopping. In China, customers can buy online Guccis products from China based manufacturer, which is not a good strategy for a luxury brand. It will help to flourish the gray market and the customers cannot enjoy and get essence of luxury goods shopping. The Asian customers are still not very comfortable of buying the luxury goods online. Online shopping might be a good option for American and European customers. Its always good for a luxury brand to sell the goods directly in the market. When a customer buys luxury goods they would like to celebrate the moment with their friends and family members so this moment will be missing in online shopping. In Asian countries it will be difficult for Guccis to establish and run their business and make significant profit. Asian counties are culturally very deep rooted, which influence the business. These countries have their own fashion trends and they are quite capable to change the trend of fashion any time. Such as Indias Bollywood industry which plays a big role to change the fashion trend with just release of one movie and brings the new trend of fashion. China and Koreas visual media is dominant on the fashion industry. To overcome this challenge its good for Gucci to design some luxury goods with the help of local designers which will reflect the culture of that country. Real world example like McDonald and KFC and few other global brands their products or menus are different form country to country to attract local customers and compete with the local challenges or brands. Gucci need continue to sell their classic design goods which are universally accepted to maintain the luxury classic brand image. Duty free shop (DFS) is a good platform to showcase, promote and sell the luxury goods. There are long list of international and national airport terminals which is better than a mall. In Asia, New Delhi, Dubai, Singapore and Thailand and many more airports, which are world-class. Asian travellers or customers would like to save money while shopping so shopping at DFS stores is a good place to buy Guccis products. Selection of airport and country is very crucial for Gucci to open DFS. According to Kotler, Traditionally, price has been the major determinant of buyers choice. But there are few exceptions for e.g. baby products, medicines and luxury goods. For baby products the profit margin is very high and companies know the fact that parent dont comprise with the quality of the product because baby is very sensitive as well as future of the next generation. Medicine is costly because of the research and development and the pharmaceutical companies keeps high price to make more profit. No choice for the patients as they want to cure fast so they have to buy good quality medicine. So the Government and WHO controls the price of few essentials medicines specially vaccines and life saving drugs and gives subsidy to reduce the price of the medicine for common people and poor countries. But in case of luxury goods customers are willingly to pay high price for the luxury goods. They just care about the brand image in the society and the quality of the product. Most importantly, Gucci continuing to improve the brand image and quality of the products. Promotion of the brand by famous international celebrities as a brand ambassador or with top models. Classic products are the assets of Guccis and the customers associate with the classic goods are loyal customers of Gucci. The production cost will be less to manufacture the classic goods in comparison to design and production of new goods. There is less chances of loss because the classic models never off fashion and there is average demands of the good round the year. Guccis fashion-oriented move will be challenging for the designers to design new trend fashion and creative goods. The company need to attract talented creative designers around the world because the customers expectation will increase with increase of buying power and they want new items in every special occasion or season. It is important for a brand or product, which will anticipate the brand and it is lacking in case of Guccis. A real life example is iTune which anticipate huge success of iPod and iPhone and vice-versa and another is Harvard Business School and publication etc. Gucci can start a fashion designing school it will bring the brand to the next level of expertise goods manufacturer and technology equipped institution. The company can earn money through the institution and hire their own students after complete the study or training. It will help Gucci group to groom their future employee and save expenses training of new employees for 3 years. Gucci group will get huge publicity through different media outside the luxury world, which attract new segment of customers. Gucci can also save money on advertising. It is also true that luxury industry hide lot of information from outside world and media to keep secret of their success or signature work and design etc. But nothing is possible if t he idea is creative and innovative. Exhibit 1 GUCCI GROUP PERFORMANCE: 1994-2001 Exhibit 2 GUCCI GROUP: RETAIL NETWORK DEVELOPMENT Exhibit 3 GUCCI GROUP REVENUES: REGION Exhibit 4 GUCCI GROUP REVENUES: CHANNEL Exhibit 5 OUTSTANDING BRANDS AND PRODUCTS Exhibit 6 GUCCI GROUP DIVISIONS

The road not taken Essay -- essays research papers

Life is a long road, where there is a lot of obstacles to go through and decisions to make, even if it is really hard sometimes because it plays with our future. Every choice we make, guides us to a different destiny and often leaves us in doubt, asking ourselves constantly questions starting with "what if?". Would not it be nice to always have signs to tell us which road to take when we face important decisions? Unfortunately, most of the time there is not, probably because we have to find out what reserves us our future. The poem "The Road Not Taken" written by Robert Frost, made me discover a new side of me. I had never been really interested to poetry until I read this poem, which totally changed my vision of life, inspired me, and touched me very deeply. To begin with, when I read the poem "The Road Not Taken", I noticed there were two different ways to understand it, literally and figuratively. Literally, the poem is about a wayfarer who is walking in the woods and has come to a fork which has two roads. The wayfarer has to make a big decision, choose one of the two roads because he cannot travel both. He analyses both roads and decided to go with the road less traveled and realized that he cannot back. At the end of the poem, the wayfarer says that his choice, the road less traveled, has made all the difference. Figuratively, the poem can be associated to a person’s life. In the poem, the wayfarer is someo...

Effective Media Communications In a Technologically Advanced Society Es

Effective Media Communications In a Technologically Advanced Society The first appointment of an individual to a position similar to that of today's local government manager occurred in 1908 in Staunton, Virginia, where a â€Å"general manager† was employed to oversee the administrative functions of the municipality (http://www.icma.org ). In 1908, technology in the United States was thought to be visionary. Cameras were available to take photos. Newspapers were read across the country. Magazines were coming of age. Newspapers challenged local leaders daily. From the smallest communities to large metropolitan communities, newspapers competed for the news of the day. Reporters put pressure on local leaders as they covered national and local politics. Newspapers were the main resource for communicating with the public. Eastman’s marketing of his Kodak camera in 1888 opened a new era. Thomas Edison’s Kinetoscope of 1889 used Eastman film to produce a 50-foot peep show and by 1896 his Vitascope was used for the first public showing in the U.S. theater of a moving picture show (Emery 191). From 1915-1925, radios also became another venue for politicians and leaders to be put in the public spotlight. Governmental leaders might have believed they were under intense media scrutiny with the daily questioning from newspaper and magazine reporters. These leaders had it easy when compared to the mediums used today by the modern media. City and county managers have access to the highest level of technology ever available in the history of mankind. These technologies can be used to better communication with the public. In fact, our technologically advanced society is going to force no... ...c Journalism. The Pew Center for Civic Journalism. www.pewcenter.org Emery, Michael. The Press and America (Prentice Hall: Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1992) p. 191. Finberg, Howard I. Editor and Publisher. We Need Multimedia, Instant Publishing Dec. 13, 2001 International City/County Management Association Website. www.icma.org. Insiders Guide to Using Information in Government, Technology Area; Center for Technology in Government. http://www.ctg.albany.edu/guides/usinginfo/Technology/technology.htm Is Your Local Government Plugged In? Highlights of the Electronic Government 2000 Survey Conducted by the International City/County Management Association (revised 3/7/01). www.icma.org. Yudof, Mark G., When Government Speaks: Politics, Law, and Government Expression in America (Berkeley: University of California Press, 1983) p. 16.

Social Security :: American Government, Social Security Deficit

In the past decades, Social Security Administration has had annual revenue that excesses the amount it pays to beneficiaries. However, U.S. economy situation has created a long-term effect in many of the public organizations and departments. Social Security Administration is one of many departments that will face some economy issues during U.S. economy recovery. Social security will post nearly $600 billion in deficits over the next decade as the economy struggles to recover and millions of baby boomers stand at the brink of retirement, according to new congressional projections, (Ohlemancher, 2011). The funds that Social Security has save to payout their beneficiaries have an expiration date. In the upcoming years more people will be eligible for retirement, however, many of them will only be pay 78 percent of their benefits, (Ohlemancher, 2011). The government needs to find solutions for the upcoming deficits and be able to help Social Security Administration to no run out of fund s. Issues In 2011, Social security administration will collect about 4.6 million retirement, survivor, and Medicare claims. 3.3 million Social Security and SSI claims and 326,000 SSI aged claims, (Social Security, 2011). These claims have to go to procedures that can take months to be approval. During these procedures, many more applicants are eligible to apply for social security and more money is pay to beneficiaries. In 2011, social security will collect $45 million less in payroll that it pays out in retirement, disability and survivor benefits, according to the nonpartisan Congressional Budget Office, (Ohlemacher, 2011). 54 million people receive retirement, disability or survivor benefits with an average payment of $1,076 a month, (Ohlemacher, 2011). Social Security Administration has being able to save and invest taxpayers money into U.S. Treasury department. The money save into U.S. treasury department accumulates interest for future Social Security beneficiaries. Social Security has built up $2.5 trillion surplus since the retirement program was last overhauled in the 1980s, (Ohlemacher, 2011) The money that Social Security invested in the treasury department is no physically available for social security beneficiaries. The $2.5 trillion has been borrowed over the years by the federal government and spent on other programs. In a promised to pay off the surpluses Treasury department has issued bonds to Social Security, Guaranteeing payments with interest (Ohlemacher, 2011). If the situation gets worst for social security and asks federal government to pay off, there’s no way that social security will obtain the money because there’s no federal funds to pay off the debts to Social Security.

Relational Database Concepts and Applications: Research Paper Essay

Introduction In order to successfully transition from our current paper and email based equipment request method to a completely paperless online system, we must build and implement a relational database. A relational database will allow us to store, filter, make changes to, and share of the data that is needed in our new online equipment ordering system. Relational Database Overview â€Å"Databases are a mean for storing information in such a way that information can be retrieved from it. In simplest terms, a relational database is one that presents information in tables with rows and columns.† â€Å"A table is referred to as a relation in the sense that it is a collection of objects of the same type (rows).† â€Å"Data in a table can be related according to common keys or concepts, and the ability to retrieve related data from a table is the basis for the term relational database.† â€Å"A Database Management System (DBMS) handles the way data is stored, maintained, and retrieved.† â€Å"In the case of a relational database, a Relational Database Management System (RDBMS) performs these tasks. Oracle, 2014)† Why We Should Implement a Relational Database â€Å"Establishing a relational database management system is a great way to increase data integrity, efficiency, ask questions, sort and filter data, provide stronger security, and share information in one concise design which is very user friendly if developed correctly. Relational databases allow the ability to cross-reference data stored by the business and as a result provide a higher level of integrity.† â€Å"The key to success is in the  foundation of the database’s design.† â€Å"Relationships of data must be accurately assessed and once this connection is established, the rest falls into place rather smoothly. (Goessl, 2009)† Companies Using Relational Data Solution Barrodale Computing Services Ltd, a contractor of the Naval Meteorology and Oceanography Command, is an example of a company having success using relational data solutions. The company has a great deal of success with relational databases to include Object Relational Database Management Systems (ORDBMSs). â€Å" The company’s experience in using ORDBMS technology to provide solutions to six applications involving the management of complex data, ranging from integers and text strings to satellite imagery, 4D weather grids, and video.† â€Å"Some of the types of data that might be stored in a meteorological/oceanographic the data has a strong geospatial component, with each feature being localized in space and, optionally, in time. (Barrodale Computing Services Ltd., 2011)† Relational databases are everywhere from computer user accounts at any company using Microsoft’s Active directory service to control access control, to community based libraries who have to switched to electronic checkouts . â€Å"This is mainly due to its capacity to eliminate duplicated data, this also increases the degree of data integrity which helps management or employees make correct decisions based on the information they can extract.† â€Å"There are no worries about the same customer or employee record being duplicated because this is eliminated in the underlying design of the database.† â€Å"Updates are made quickly and everyone with access to the system can view these changes immediately.† â€Å"Decision makers find the aspect of data integrity to be one of the primary business advantages of the relational database. (Goessl, 2009)† Conclusion In conclusion, a relational database will enable our company to transition from our current paper and email based equipment request method to a completely paperless online system. The relational database will allow us to store, filter, make changes to, and share of the data that is needed in our new online equipment ordering system. References Barrodale Computing Services Ltd. (2011). Applications of Object Relational Database Management Systems at BCS. Retrieved from Barrodale Computing Services Ltd. (BCS): http://www.barrodale.com/docs/ORDBMS%20Applications%20at%20BCS.pdf Goessl, L. (2009, November 23). Business Advantages of a Relational Database. Retrieved from Inside Business 360: http://www.insidebusiness360.com/index.php/business-advantages-of-a-relational-database-15806/ Oracle. (2014). A Relational Database Overview. Retrieved from Java Tutorial: http://docs.oracle.com/javase/tutorial/jdbc/overview/database.html

General Zaroff Character Analysis Essay Essay

General Zaroff, one of the main characters in The Most Dangerous Game, was introduced to readers towards the middle of the book and is the antagonist throughout this short story. General Zaroff displays a love for hunting, an unstable and unremorseful mind, and also displays arrogance and cockiness. These three character traits are supported by his actions and words throughout the short story. General Zaroff displays a very passionate love for hunting, which allowed Rainsford and Zaroff to relate to each other fast right when they met each other. When General Zaroff land Rainsford sit down to talk and have a meal General Zaroff says, â€Å"Be a realist. The world is made up of two classes–the hunters and the huntees. Luckily, you and I are hunters.†(pg.21) This quote shows that general Zaroff doesn’t view hunting as just a sport, but as a direct correlation to life. This quote shows that General Zaroff has a passion and love for hunting animals of all sorts. Also, during General Zaroffs conversation with Raisnford he states, â€Å"I killed my first bear in the Caucasus when I was ten.†(pg.23) This quote shows that the generals love for hunting sprouted when he was just a young boy, and has been passion ever since. General Zaroff constantly shows throughout, whether it is in what he says, or the actions he portrays, that he has a very unstable mind and is somewhat of a psycho. For example, towards the end of the lengthy conversation between General Zaroff and Rainsford, General Zaroff says, â€Å"I hunt the scum of the earth- sailors from tramp ships, lascars, blacks, chinese, and mongrels.† (pg. 26) This quote shows that General Zaroff thinks of murder as a game and has no remorse in killing humans of any type. This quote also reveals that â€Å"hunting† and killing humans is a hobby for General Zaroff and is taken very lightly by him. Also, during their conversation General Zaroff stated, â€Å"This is why I use them. It gives me pleasure. They can reason, after a fashion.† (pg.26) When reading this quote it should bring chills to you because of the way general Zaroff talks about other humans. He refers to them along the lines of animals that he is hunting, therefore taking the lives of humans doesn’t bother him what so ever. He also says at the end of the quote that killing humans brings pleasure to him, which breaks almost every morale code of society. Genral Zoroff shows throughout the book that he is very arrogant and cocky, whether it is through his actions or through his words. During the conversation between the General and Rainsford, General Rainsford states, â€Å"I have hunted every kind of game in every land. It would be impossible for me to tell you how many animals I have killed.† (pg. 23) Analyzing this quote you can see that general Zaroff has been all over the world and has hunted every type of animal, but the way he comes across is very arrogant and cocky. A little later on in the same conversation General Zaroff says, â€Å"Life is for the strong, to be lived by the strong, and if need be, taken by the strong. The weak of the world were put here to give the strong pleasure. I am strong. (pg. 26) The arrogance in this quote is overwhelming and is a prime example of showing just how cocky General Zaroff is. It also shows that he sees himself higher up than most people and is better and stronger than everyone else in every way. Throughout the short story, The Most Dangerous Game, General Zaroff portrays the part of a psychotic killer who loves to hunt and has lots of arrogance not only when he speaks but through his actions as well. General Zaroff thinks he is the best hunter to ever walk on the earth, but is proven no match for Rainsford who beats Zaroff at his own game. Even though the book doesn’t exactly tell the ending it hints to the fact that Raisnford killed the psychotic General Zaroff.

Technology of War

Patrick Struszczyk Professor Mako November 23, 2010 HHS-125 Technology of War War brings with it a surge of technologies. Development of tactics, machines, and general technology usually arise in times of trial. Two wars, the French and Indian War and the Revolutionary War, are prime examples of how technology and tactic morph and evolve. Tactics in war are one of the more vital aspects, a proper set of tactics can help overcome dramatic odds. The French/Indian War involved the French, the Natives of North America, and the British.During the war, European powers followed strict guidelines and protocol when in battle; form lines of 3 men deep, fire in volleys, take care of prisoners lives, opposing generals would dine together; these and other rules composed European warfare. The Indians, on the other hand, fought guerilla style ambushing and using hit/run maneuvers to harass, tire, and weaken the enemy. The tactics in the French/Indian War were integrated by the Americans during the Revolutionary War while the British continued with their traditional tactics. Though tactics play an important role in battle, it is not the single factor that determines the victor.As war developed, so did the machines used. An army with more advanced weapons would have tremendous advantages over an army with ‘outdated weapons’. During the French and Indian War, great strides were made in the area of guns and cannons. Both the French/Indian and British used muskets, cannons, and the newly created rifles. ‘Involving muskets the British favored the ‘Brown Bess’ and the French had the Charleville’ (French and Indian War). Before this war muskets were only accurate at around 50 meters and had to be protected by pikemen when reloading.The addition of bayonets and rifling in the barrel fixed these problems and increased effectiveness. ‘Since rifling was expensive and time consuming, at first only the best shots in the regiment were given rifle s’ (Weapons). The Revolutionary war continued these military improvements. Rifles began replacing muskets in the British divisions while the Americans had to collect weapons from the French and Indian War, other countries, or from captured British holds. ‘A key in battles such as in Boston and defending coastal bases were cannons’ (Valis).Cannons were usually imported from England and stolen by the Americans, they were measured based on the size of the cannonballs they fired. War is demanding on not only soldiers, but also on citizens who have to provide food, funds, shelter, and tools for the armies. The demands of war usually bring advancement of general technology either during or after a war. A few years after wars, the technology is usually made open the public to do what they can and adapt it to their lives while the government begins new ways of improving warfare. A few examples are from the French and Indian war.The men kept their muskets and were able to use them for hunting and such. ‘Interchangeable parts in France began in the production of muskets but soon trickled into textiles, crafts making and such’ (Interchangeable). War is an activity that evolves over time due to development in tactics, weapons, general technology, and other factors; such as the changes from the French and Indian war to the American Revolution.Works Cited†French and Indian War. †Ã‚  Military:French and Indian War. GlobalSecurity. Org, 27 04 2005. Web. 23 Nov 2010. http://www. globalsecurity.org/military/ops/french_indian. htm  Valis, Glenn.†Tactics and Weapons of the Revolutionary War.. †Ã‚  Tactics and Weapons of the Revolutionary War. A basic overview of how the weapons of the American Revolution were used and why.. Glenn Valis, 3/31/02. Web. 23 Nov 2010. http://www. doublegv. com/ggv/battles/tactics. htmlâ€Å"INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS . †Ã‚  Inventors and Inventions from the 1700's – the Eighteenth Cen tury :INTERCHANGEABLE PARTS  2010. n. pag. EnchantedLearning. com. Web. 23 Nov 2010. http://www. enchantedlearning. com/inventors/1700. shtml

Profile Essay on a Friend Named Matt

Matthew Mcfadden As he shouted across the soft spoken restaurant everyone stared at him, he then started doing a ridiculous dance and caught my undivided attention as my odd co worker. My fellow co-workers have told me so much about this man being lazy and annoying, so I pretended I had no interest. However, he caught my attention as to why he was the way he was. His name is Matt McFadden, and as of today we are close friends. Without even knowing he taught me through his actions never to judge a book by its cover.He ended up being one of the easiest people to get along with from the company. Everyone who loves him or hate him cannot help but to laugh or smile when he speaks to them. This new friendship between him and I impacted the way I judge people. Matt was born November 1st 1989 in the lovely city of North Royalton. He has one older sister exceptionally loving parents. As a young child, his idol was Jim Carrey. For those who do not know Jim Carrey, he is one of the funniest act ors who started his career as a comedian. Matt, at age three, would watch his movies and reenact his funniest moments.He would entertain his family and their friends every Friday night acting just like Jim Carrey. He has the natural ability to make anyone laugh at anytime. Twenty years later Jim Carrey still has an impact on him and taught him that life doesn’t always have to be serious; now making people smile is what Matt loves doing. Whenever situations get tough, he is always the one to step in and brighten up the moment. Not many people can do that, but Matt has that truly unique gift. When he was younger and got into trouble with his parents his goofy ways always seemed to save him.When he is in trouble at work, he continues to get away with it because of his silly personality. I cannot understand how he does it. It is his natural gift to laugh his way out of situations. While Matt is always making people laugh there is one thing that makes him happy. It is something I would never have imagined. About four years ago he was visiting his sister in Las Vegas, and the day they were leaving the Bellagio hotel was hosting a show with the water fountain. The song playing was called â€Å"Time to Say Goodbye† sung by opera singer Andre Bacilli.It was the most beautiful sight he has seen in his whole life. The water would dance with the song beat by beat; every beat had a pulse of water with beautiful lights shooting into the sunset skies. It brought tears to a 19 year old man’s eyes. Till this day that song brings him the most visual memory that makes him smile uncontrollably. The song not only makes him happy, it gives him a soft side that no one would ever believe he has. He is one of the most caring men I have come across in my life. However, when anyone first meets him no one would ever think this about him.He comes off extremely strong, loud, and to strangers, annoying. In order to know the real Matt McFadden, time must be well spent wi th him. Golf is another way to make this young man happy and relaxed. He loves this sport as if it were his own life. He plays every week at least one day, sometimes more. It calms him down and challenges him all at the same time. Golf is a sport of relaxation and silence. Even as a golfer he makes people laugh as they get frustrated with this sport. He is the happiest person I have ever had the pleasure of meeting.He impacts people into creating contagious smiles wherever he goes. He can turn the angriest man happy by cracking one of his corny jokes. The golfers enjoy his company at the course, and will always welcome him with open arms due to the joy he brings. Matt will be pursuing a career choice that is going to fit his personality exceptionally well. He wants to be a paramedic, and I believe it is a fantastic choice because he can make the sick people laugh and get the pain off their minds. This past week I had Matt over for some research.My father is terribly sick and just ou t of surgery. Five minutes spent with Matt, and he was rolling on the floor laughing. I had never seen my father so happy before. As of today my father continues to talk about how much he wants Matt to come over and hang out with him. My father is not a people person so that caught me off guard, and just proves how right I am about Matt. He will always be a friend forever because he never has reasons to fight nor have problems. To Matt, his mission as a man is to make the people around him happy.

To what extent can Marketing Mix be successfully Standardised Essay

To what extent can Marketing Mix be successfully Standardised - Essay Example More importantly than the basics of the marketing mix for an organization is the ability to use innovative tools and concepts that will help a business brand identity to stand out from others. The ability to use creativity is one that has to balance with the foundational principles of a marketing mix to build an effective campaign. The marketing mix began to be incorporated into businesses at the beginning of the industrial revolution, specifically to reach different types of customers and the needs that were a part of this. As the marketing mix developed, it was able to create a specific appeal to business brand products and services. More importantly, it was able to help customers recognize the different brands that were used through the use of communication of the product and different levels of implementation for an advertising campaign. To do this effectively, marketers began to use a basic structure that was able to define exactly what a consumer was looking for in terms of advertising. The company, competitors, collaborators, customers and context are the five elements that are often considered with marketing and provide a stronger basis for creating value. From the different elements, marketers are able to create a stronger set of tactics and opportunities for the correct type of advertising and market ing (Chernev, 8, 2007). From the basic concept of the marketing mix, are several marketers that have developed the specific elements that are used to ensure that communication is provided through a set of formulas. The different levels of implementation that are used are divided specifically by the main and foundational principles that create a specific marketing plan. The most standardized option that is used for those that are using the marketing mix is known as the 4 Ps. The first â€Å"p† stands for

The Case of Wooden Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

The Case of Wooden - Essay Example The employers are neglecting the safety conditions require to dispose of the wooden dust and reduce or eliminate the risk of any unnecessary event from happening. There seems to be less emphasis on the safety precautions and safe workplace environment rules in the company premises. The employees of wooden seem to be concerned about the possible impacts of lack of measures regarding the issue. The employers are, however, neglecting their duty to carefully formulate a strategy where employees may be provided with a safe, clean and secure place to work. The Safety coordinator seems to reject the concerns, which is an alarming situation. The safety coordinator has the duty to perform all the necessary steps to make the workplace safer and better. Rhine is of the opinion that â€Å"wood dust is not explosive†. The claim can be forfeited by explaining the issue to Rhine using different examples where wood dust did cause the explosion. Parse’s statement can be used as supporti ng evidence as Parse explains the devastating explosion in the plant near his place. However, if Rhine does not pay heed to the issue after explanation and further evidences, I still have the duty to report to the member of staff immediately above my rank.

Does the internet strengthen Social connections Essay

Does the internet strengthen Social connections - Essay Example Many people argue on the notion that social connectivity that internet promotes is less effective than face to face interaction and that social networking sites as opposed to popular beliefs have evaded the sincere interaction amongst people rather than promote it. However, what these arguments lack is the recognition of the fact that internet has undoubtedly served to bring together people from wide range of ethnicities and nationalities (Bruhn, pp. 220). Never in the history was it this easy for a Canadian teacher to teach electromagnetism to kids in Ghana or for a British industrialist to market its products to cottage industries of Tajikistan. Internet has truly contributed its share in the formation of global village, which pretty much defines the world of today. In this regard, this paper will include efforts to analyze the role of internet in strengthening social connections in the human society. In particular, the paper will include different examples to discuss the abovement ioned statement. In addition, it should come into notice that one of the added benefits that social connectivity through internet brings is the diffusion of information across a wide population. Not only does internet binds people together, it promotes education and forms a sort of a virtual knowledge-society in itself, of course in ideal situations only. â€Å"William Galston, in his article in 1999, talks about the online groups present on internet as communities according to four different criteria: Limited membership, shared norms, affective ties, and mutual obligation† (Feenberg, pp. 259). These online communities or social networking sites, as they are popularly known, serve multiple human desires. Where on one hand, it boost connectivity amongst its users on the other, it supplies them with unlimited choices in their interaction. Reiterating the earlier mention of the research on American society, it provides its users with autonomy to decide whom to interact with and in what ways to interact with. Using few examples will be helpful in elaborating this point further. Facebook is the largest social networking site of the world. A study shows that American internet users spend 10 percent of the total time online on Facebook. The same study reveals the 600 million plus membership of Facebook. Many people think that Facebook is like a new worldwide telephone network; only difference being it carries personal connections and profiles instead of voice (Feenberg, pp. 222-240). Another technology, Skype is one of the most useful products of internet. Not only fir industrial purpose but it also brings families scattered around the globe and people in long-distance relationships together. With technologies like Skype, parents worry less before sending their kids to study abroad knowing they can see them and talk to them whenever they want (Stadler, pp. 29-42). Besides family, Skype has enabled businesspersons from across the world to form collaborations wi th companies and expand their networks. This has of course decreased the number of errors caused by miscommunication and lack of medium of correspondence in the past. A very attractive aspect of this product is its economical rates as compared to mobile phones or telephone. Not only is the download of the software free of cost but also its use is free in case of Skype-to-Skype calls and as far as Skype-to-phone calls are concerned, rates are quite affordable that encourage individuals to strengthen their social connections, whereas, higher

E-Commerce Methods of Amazon Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words - 12

E-Commerce Methods of Amazon - Essay Example Amazon is able to lower its costs because it can offer customers lower prices than competitors. Lower production costs result in savings for customers because Amazon is able to pass those on.  Despite selling products for very little profit, Amazon is able to gain traction in the market simply because of the sheer volume of orders that it processes every day. Because Amazon focused on selling its products online from the very beginning, it was able to become well-known as an online goods store.  With Internet purchases increasing year on year, Amazon is well-placed to dominate the market for years to come. New market entrants are simply unable to compete with the purchasing power that Amazon has through its vast number of customers. The disadvantage to Amazon only selling through the Internet is that if the Internet is affected in any way over the next few years, the business will feel the effects of that. This is why Amazon should consider diversifying its business model so that risk is lessened.

Speech Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Speech - Essay Example lutions to these issues are about making different choices, having priorities and that prove our ability to deliver even where money is little (Laird1999). The importance of education is known to everyone in the society. The Liberal government which I was and still is a part of promised to raise university tuition money from $2,168 to $3,793 in the period between 2012 and 2017. The government, I can assure you is still working on the education benefits to bring this course of action in place for the benefit of our own young people who we are in the making to be the masters of our own house. Our education program has been through controversies over the years while it has still developed into something substantial in the long run. It is of importance to consider programs that encourage all of Canada and Quebec as one to bring together our young people to schools. Our education system will be subsidized as the English schools were subsidized to ensure every young person in this country obtains a decent education. My government will ensure that. The numbers of children out there are encouraged to return to schools. I will also ensure schol arship programs for our students in order to create expansiveness in their studies. We shall avail necessities for free in our public institutions to ensure smooth running of curriculum matters. Seeing children not benefit from our nations resources is disheartening. We therefore emphasize that these children be encouraged to utilize the available material in schools to benefit intellectually. I’ve met a large number of people who can barely make ends meet. Families in the entire country are face quiet crisis of ever rising costs. These costs are evident in the prices of oil and in overall way routine of life. Electricity and other bills are especially high. The government has over the years worked around the issue of matters by creating the Quebec Hydro-electricity. Contribution to this investment to subsidize the costs of fuel

Competitive pushy parents Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1500 words

Competitive pushy parents - Essay Example However, some children do not feel pleasant when their parents ask them to do anything against their will. In such cases, tensions between children and parents increase which upsets the overall environment of a family. In this paper, we will discuss how American competitive parents affect the wishes of children and how children and teachers can deal with the competitive parents in order to find a middle way between the wishes of the children and the parents. How Competitive (Pushy) Parents Deal with Children Competitive parents jam their children’s social lives with unusual activities, such as, play dates, baby yoga, and teaching foreign languages (Woolcock). Competitive parents deal with their children in an influencing way. Such parents care less about the personal wishes and aims of the children and try to impose their will on the children. They are very curious about the activities of the children and keep a constant eye on all activities of the children. Competitive paren ts also want their children to be competitive in all fields of life. Children of competitive parents are generally more likely to be obsessive about their interests (Macrae). In America, most of the parents start advising their children from the very early stages of their lives to work hard for achieving success in the future. For that, they guide their children to the way, which they think to be the most appropriate ones for the children. â€Å"Parents are so anxious for their children to do well, partly because their children are a reflection on them – but also they are all too aware of the economic realities† (Landesman). In some cases, the will of the parents go against the will of the children and the clash occurs. For example, a child wants to become a teacher in future but his parents want him to become a doctor or a surgeon in order to become a good earner in the future. Now, here the clash begins between the parents and the child because of separate viewpoints regarding selection of the most appropriate profession. The result is not favorable for both parents and children every time. Sometimes, plan of the parents becomes successful when the child becomes what the parents want whereas sometimes the child is not competent enough to meet the expectations of the parents, which results in the educational and professional failure of the child. â€Å"The parent who is proud when an offspring achieves what is deemed to be of value and ashamed when they fail is an age-old predicament† (Meakins). The dilemma is that, in case of failure, parents start blaming the children for not studying hard for success in the selected field of study. However, in reality, failure is not a fault of the children because every child has a separate mindset and he or she selects the field of study based on the personal interest. â€Å"Parents are frequently encouraged to play a full role in their children's education† (Young). However, when parents try to force the children to study what the parents want, it becomes difficult for the children to get along with the wish of the parents properly because they are not always competent enough for that. Competitive or pushy parents not just force the children in the field of studies but they also try to influence the extra curricular activities, interests, and hobbies of the children. Pushy parents want to make their children competitive in every field of life. For that, they try to